RU
Philology. Theory & Practice
  • Original research article
  • September 1, 2017
  • Open access

RELATIVE PRONOUNS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR THE ACTUALIZATION OF THE CATEGORY OF ANIMATENESS

Full
text RU

Abstract

This article is devoted to deviations from the language norm in the use of such relative pronouns of English as “who” and “whose” and the mechanisms that cause these deviations. It is shown that in the usage the borders of the norm of using the pronoun “who” are broadened, allowing it to be used to describe representatives of different classes of animals, and also as a means of grammatical stylistics when describing inanimate objects, while in the case of “whose” the borders of the norm are narrowed to an area that includes only living beings.

References

  1. Байрон Д. Г. Паломничество Чайльд-Гарольда [Электронный ресурс] / пер. с англ. В. Левика. URL: http://lib.ru/ POEZIQ/BAJRON/child.txt (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  2. Зусак М. Книжный вор [Электронный ресурс] / пер. Н. Мезина. URL: http://e-libra.ru/read/215576-knizhnyj-vor.html (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  3. Шекспир У. Ромео и Джульетта [Электронный ресурс] / пер. с англ. Т. Щепкиной-Куперник. URL: http://romeo-and-juliet.ru/translations/schepkinakupernik (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  4. Byron G. G. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/5131/5131-h/5131-h.htm (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  5. Corpus-Based Computational Linguistics / edited by C. Souter and E. Atwell. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1993. 274 p.
  6. http://thewritepractice.com/whose-inanimate-objects/ (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  7. http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Usage/faq0043.html (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  8. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/whose (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  9. https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/en-who-which-that-for-animals.1604753/ (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  10. https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/whose-used-with-inanimate-objects.1179559/ (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  11. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/02/insider/standards-editors-notebook-is-a-cow-a-who-or-a-which.html (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  12. Hughes T. Collected Poems [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://books.google.ru/books?id=hz5O0laGLOgC (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  13. Langley G. Understanding Horses [Электронный ресурс] // British National Corpus. URL: http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/ (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  14. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Ltd, 1999. 1203 p.
  15. McDaniel D., Stickney H., Fowler S., McKee C. What’s Thats? // English Studies. 2002. Vol. 83. Issue 1. P. 53-69.
  16. Oxford Dictionary of English, Revised Edition [Электронный ресурс]. ABBYY Lingvo x 3, 2008 (CD-ROM).
  17. Percival J. G. Clouds [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/digital/collections/cul/texts/ldpd_ 7518598_000/pages/ldpd_7518598_000_00000234.html (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  18. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Sixth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2009. 272 p.
  19. Quirk R., Greenbaum S., Leech G., Svartvik J. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman, 1985. 1792 p.
  20. Shakespeare W. Romeo and Juliet [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://shakespeare.mit.edu/romeo_juliet/full.html (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  21. Stannard R. Black Holes and Uncle Albert [Электронный ресурс] // British National Corpus. URL: http://corpus.byu. edu/bnc/ (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).
  22. Swan M. Practical English Usage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. 658 p.
  23. The 2016 Associated Press Stylebook. N. Y.: The Associated Press, 2016. 591 p.
  24. The American Heritage Guide to Contemporary Usage and Style. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005. 528 p.
  25. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 1860 p.
  26. Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster, 1989. 978 p.
  27. Zusak M. The Book Thief [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://archive.org/stream/TheBookThiefMarkusZusak/Grade9GT--TheBookThiefMarkusZusak_djvu.txt (дата обращения: 02.07.2017).

Author information

Ol'ga Vladimirovna Tokareva

Saint Petersburg University

About this article

Publication history

  • Published: September 1, 2017.

Keywords

  • английский язык
  • местоимения
  • норма
  • узус
  • персонификация
  • антропоморфизм
  • the English language
  • pronouns
  • norm
  • usage
  • personification
  • anthropomorphism

Copyright

© 2017 The Author(s)
© 2017 Gramota Publishing, LLC

User license

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)