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Philology. Theory & Practice
  • Original research article
  • September 9, 2026
  • Open access

Lexical means of expressing negative evaluation in media discourse on Russia – NATO relations (based on the Russian, English and French languages)

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Abstract

The aim of the study is to identify statistically significant differences in the density and typological composition of lexical means of negative evaluation in the Russian-, English- and French-language traditions of media discourse on Russia – NATO relations. The article examines role-based semantic models of the negative evaluation of political actors and the strategies of their linguistic verbalization. The composition of the three language traditions of media discourse is built on quantitative methods of analysis (frequency analysis, the χ2 test, Cramér’s V), which allows the identified cross-linguistic differences to be objectified. The scientific novelty lies in developing and statistically verifying a typology of 19 role-based semantic models of negative evaluation, as well as in establishing that cross-linguistic differences are localized at the level of the role conceptualization of actors rather than in the set of linguistic means of expression. The results obtained have shown a statistically significant correlation between language and semantic model (χ2 = 73,11; Cramér’s V = 0,278; p = 0,00025), whereas the formal means of linguistic expression of evaluation revealed no such dependency.

Research materials

  1. Ведомости. https://www.vedomosti.ru/
  2. Международная жизнь. https://interaffairs.ru/
  3. РБК. https://www.rbc.ru/
  4. Россия в глобальной политике. https://globalaffairs.ru/
  5. Эксперт. https://expert.ru/
  6. Challenges. https://www.challenges.fr/
  7. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/
  8. Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/
  9. Le Figaro. https://www.lefigaro.fr/
  10. Le Monde diplomatique. https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/
  11. Le Monde. https://www.lemonde.fr/
  12. Politique étrangère. https://www.ifri.org/fr/
  13. The Economist. https://www.economist.com/
  14. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/europe
  15. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/international/

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Author information

Olga Vadimovna Demina

PhD

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow

About this article

Publication history

  • Received: July 14, 2026.
  • Published: September 9, 2026.

Keywords

  • негативная оценка
  • трёхъязычный корпус
  • ролевые семантические модели
  • стратегия языковой вербализации
  • медиадискурс Россия – НАТО
  • negative evaluation
  • trilingual corpus
  • role-based semantic models
  • strategy of linguistic verbalization
  • Russia-NATO media discourse

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© 2026 The Author(s)
© 2026 Gramota Publishing, LLC

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)